Adoption is a process that welcomes a child to a family, offering him a loving and stable home. Being a specialist in legal law passionate about this subject, I would like to guide you through the different stages of this approach in France. Here is a detailed overview of the procedures to follow to make your adoption project materialize.
The conditions prerequisite for adoption in France
Before embarking on the adventure of adoption, it is essential to understand the criteria required by French law. Over my career, I have seen that many candidates for adoption underestimated the importance of these prerequisites.
Who can adopt?
French law authorizes adoption for:
- Married, PACS or cohabitation couples
- Single people
Yet, certain age conditions must be respected :
- Be at least 28 years old (or 26 years for couples)
- Have an age difference of at least 15 years with the adopted child
What children can be adopted?
In France, several categories of children are affected by adoption:
- State pupils
- Abandoned children
- Children with adoption
It is necessary to note that the age limit for plenary adoption is 15 years, with exceptions. On the other hand, There is no age limit for simple adoption.
Types of adoption
French law distinguishes two forms of adoption:
- L’adoption simple : she maintains links with the family of origin
- Plenary adoption : she definitively breaks the links with the biological family
The choice between these two options will depend on your situation and that of the child. Do not hesitate to be advised by a professional to make the best decision.
The path of adoption: key steps
Adoption is a path that requires patience and perseverance. On average, the procedure lasts between 4 and 5 years in France. Here are the main steps to be taken:
The request for approval
The first crucial step is Obtaining approval. This official document, issued by Child Social Aid (ASE), is essential to adopt. Here’s how to proceed:
- Constitute a file comprising:
- Birth certificate
- Criminal record
- Medical certificate
- Other supporting documents requested
- Submit to a social and psychological assessment
- Wait for the ASE decision (approval is valid for 5 years)
I remember a couple who omitted a document in their file. This had delayed their procedure for several months. So be careful in the preparation of your file!
Selection and placement of the child
Once the pleasure is obtained, here are the following steps:
- Presentation of your file to the Family Council of State Pupils
- Selection of adopters by council
- Placement of the child with a view to adoption for 6 months minimum
This placement period is crucial. It allows the child and his new family to create links and adapt each other. It is a moment rich in emotions and learning.
Legal proceedings
The last step is to formalize adoption before justice:
- Filing of a request for adoption at the judicial court
- Adoption judgment pronounced by the court
- Transcription of adoption on civil status registers
Remember that the child’s consent is necessary from 13 years old. This step is important to ensure that the child is fully integrated into the process.
It is also crucial to think about the future of your family. I strongly recommend that you write a will to protect the interests of your adopted child.
The specifics of international adoption
If you are considering adoption abroad, know that the procedure has some particularities:
| Stage | Description |
|---|---|
| Constitution of the file | For AFA or an OAA |
| Sending in the country of origin | Treatment according to local laws |
| Stay on site | Meeting with children and formalities |
| Local adoption procedure | According to the laws of the country of origin |
International adoption generally involves higher costs, between 10,000 and 20,000 €, unlike adoption in France which remains relatively inexpensive.
Remember that international adoption requires additional preparation, especially culturally. It is essential to properly prepare this succession of life for the child and for yourself.
Post-adoption support
The adventure does not stop once the child has arrived in your home. Post-adoption follow-up is compulsory for at least one year. This follow -up is precious to help you overcome the challenges of mutual adaptation.
I remember a family that underestimated the importance of this follow-up. They quickly achieved how precious the support of professionals was to guide them in this new phase of their lives.
Finally, adoption is a demanding but deeply enriching journey. Each step requires patience, understanding and a lot of love. Do not hesitate to be accompanied by professionals throughout the process. Your determination and commitment will be the keys to the success of your adoption project.
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